PRESENT TENSES
1. Simple Present Tense (waktu sekarang)
Tense ini untuk menyatakan fakta,
kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang terjadi pada saat sekarang ini.
A. Bentuk Nominal B. Bentuk Verbal
Rumus : Rumus
:
S + am/is/are + Verb S + V1 (Es / s)
Contoh : Contoh
:
He is handsome He
studies English
Rumus : Rumus
:
S + To be + Not + Verb S + Do / Does
+ Not + V1
Contoh : Contoh
:
He isn’t handsome he doesn’t eat fried rice
Rumus : Rumus :
To be + S + Verb Do
/ Does + S + V1
Is he handsome Do
you talk to me
Keterangan
:
Keterangan :
Am :
I
Do : You, They, We, I
Are : We, They,
You Does : She, He, It
Is : She, He, It
2. Present Continuous Tense (sedang
berlangsung)
Tense ini untuk membicarakan aksi
yang sedang berlangsung sekarang atau rencana dimasa depan.
Rumus :
S + To be + V1-ing (Present Participle)
Contoh :
I’m driving a car to Bandung
now.
Rumus :
S + To be + Not + V1-ing
Contoh :
I am not driving a car to Bandung now
Rumus :
To be + S + V1-ing
Contoh :
Am I driving a car to bandung now ?
Keterangan :
Am : I
Are : We, They, You
Is : She, He, It
3.
Present Perfect Tense (telah dikerjakan)
Tense ini digunakan untuk
mengungkapkan suatu aktivitas atau situasi yang telah dimulai di masa lalu dan
telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu atau masih berlanjut
sampai sekarang.
Rumus :
S + Have / Has + V3
Contoh :
I have lived in Cilegon for 3 months.
Rumus :
S + Have / Has + Not + V3
Contoh :
They haven’t met me
Rumus :
Have / Has + S + V3
Contoh :
Have they met me ?
Keterangan :
Has : She, He, It
Have : I, You, They, We
4.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense (telah
sedang dikerjakan)
Tense ini untuk mengungkapkan
aksi yang telah selesai pada suatu titik dimasa lampau atau aksi telah dimulai
dimasa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang.
Rumus :
S + Have / Has + been + V1-ing
Contoh :
They have been playing football
Rumus :
S + Have / Has + Not + Been + V1-ing
They haven’t been playing football
Rumus :
Have / Has + S + Been + V1-ing
Have they been playing football
Keterangan :
Has : She, He, It
Have : I,
You, They, We
PAST TENSES
1. Past Tense
Tense ini untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu
kejadian terjadi dimasa lampau.
Rumus :
S + V2 + Adverb (kata keterangan)
Contoh :
The party started at 10.00 a.m.
Rumus :
S + Did + Not + V1 + Adverb (kata
keterangan)
Contoh :
The
party didn’t start at 10.00 a.m
Rumus :
Did + S + V1 + Adverb (kata
keterangan)
Contoh :
Did the party start at 10.00 a.m
Pengecualian ketika predikat suatu kalimat
bukan karta kerja, maka pengganti kata kerja tersebut WAS ( I, She, He, It
) or WERE ( We, They, You )
Rumus :
S + Was / Were + Adverb (kata keterangan)
Contoh :
They were student last year
Rumus :
S + Was / Were + Not + Adverb
Contoh :
I wasn’t student last year
Rumus :
Was/ Were + S + Adverb (Kata keterangan)
Were they student last year
2. Past Continuous Tense
Tense ini digunakan untuk
mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu dimasa
lampau.
Rumus :
S + Was / Were + V1-ing
Contoh :
The team was
playing basketball all day yesterday.
Rumus :
S + Was / Were + Not + V1-ing
Contoh :
We were not joking
Rumus :
Were / Was + S + V1-ing
Contoh :
Was I joking ?
Keterangan :
Was : She, He, It, I
Were : You, They,
We
3. Past Perfect Tense
Tense ini untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu
aksi telah selesai pada suatu titik di masa lalu sebelum aksi lainnya terjadi.
Rumus :
S + had + Been + Past participle (V3)
+ Adverb ( kata keterangan )
Contoh :
My brother had been met me last week.
Rumus :
S + Had+ Not+ Been + V3 + Adverb
Contoh :
Rini had not been met me last night
Rumus :
Had + Subject + V3 + Adverb
Contoh :
Had rini met me last night
4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Tense ini digunakan untuk
mengungkapkan suatu aksi (dengan durasi waktu tertentu) telah selesai pada
suatu titik waktu tertentu dimasa lalu.
Rumus :
S + had + been + V1-ing (present
participle)
Contoh :
The labors had been demonstrating for an hour when the manager came.
The labors had been demonstrating for an hour when the manager came.
Rumus :
S + Had + Not + Been + V1-ing + Adverb (
kata keterangan )
Contoh :
They had been not going when the teacher called them yesterday.
Rumus :
Had + S + V1-ing + Adverb ( kata keterangan
)
Contoh :
Had they going to school yesterday
FUTURE TENSE
1. Simple Future Tense
Tense ini untuk menyatakan bahwa
suatu aksi terjadi dimasa depan, baik secara spontan, maupun terencana.
Rumus :
S + will / Shall + V1
S + will / Shall + V1
Contoh :
You will win the game.
Rumus :
S + Will / Shall + Not + V1
Contoh :
I shall not win the game
Rumus :
Will / Shall + S + V1
Contoh :
Shall I win the game
Keterangan :
Shall : I, We
Will :
You, She, He, It
2. Future Continuous Tense
Tense ini untuk mengungkapkan
aksi yang akan sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa depan.
Rumus :
S + Will / Shall + be + V1-ing (present
participle)
Contoh :
He will be sleeping at 10 p.m.
Rumus :
S + Shall / Will + Not + Be + Ving
Contoh :
He will not be sleeping at 10 p.m
Rumus :
Shall / Will + S + Be + Ving
Contoh :
Will he be sleeping at 10 p.m
3. Future Perfect Tense
Tense ini untuk mengungkapkan
bahwa suatu aktivitas akan sudah selesai pada suatu titik waktu di masa depan.
Rumus :
S + will / Shall + have + V3 (past
participle)
Contoh :
At this time next month, I’ll have
finished my English course.
Rumus :
S + Shall / Will + Not + Have + V3 (past
participle)
Contoh :
At this time next month, I will not have finished my English
course
Rumus :
Shall / Will + S + Have + V3 (past
participle)
Contoh :
Will you have finished your english course tomorrow
4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Tense ini untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi akan sudah
berlangsung selama sekian lama pada titik waktu tertentu di masa depan.
Rumus :
S + will / Shall + have + been + V1-ing
Contoh :
The cat will have been sleeping long when you go out
Rumus :
S + Shall / Will + Not + Have + Been + Ving
Contoh :
I shall not have been sleeping long
when you leave home
Rumus :
Shall / Will + S + Have + Been + Ving
Contoh :
Will you have been sleeping long when you leave home
